Wrench.



' PATBNTED APR. 17,1906.

J. R. LONG.

WRENCH.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG.28.1905.

PATENT OFFOF.

JOHN R. LONG, OF AKRON, OHlO.

WRENCH.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented April 17 1906.

` Application filed August 28, 1905. Serial No. 276,029.

To @ZZ whomA t may concern.-

Be it knownthat I, JOHN R. LONG, a citizen of the United States, residing at Akron, in the county of Summit and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches and I do declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to wrenches; and the invention consists in an improvement in wrenches for which l filed applicationfor Letters Patent June 9, 1905, Serial No. 264,450, all as hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of one style of my new and f improved wrench. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of one member or part thereof. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on a line corresponding to e z, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail in perspective of the lock; and Fig. 5 is a longitudinal elevation, partlyin section, of the invention adapted for use as a pipe-wrench; and Fig. 6 is a plan view of the inner jaw thereof.

As thus shown, A represents the handle bar or piece, which is tapered to Wedge shape along its outer edge 2 from the handle proper, a, outward, while its inner edge 3 is substantially straight with handle a, thus bringing the wedge or inclined edge or taper wholly into or upon said outer edge 2.

B represents the second member of the wrench and comprises ,a jaw and a shank or support B, wedge-shaped or tapered along its lower or wedging edge 4, adapted to lie and to slide on straight edge 3 of the handle-bar. The said shank has also an outer straight edge 5, which is parallel to or with the longitudinal axis of said shank and square with jaw B. There is also this further difference between tapered edge 2 of the handle-bar and tapered edge 4 of the said shank, that edge 2 has a taper equal substantially to seven degrees, while edge 5 of the shank has a taper equal to substantially ten degrees, so that the greater taper is in said shank, as also is clearly shown.

O represents the inner jaw, which has a working face 7 parallel to face 6 of the outer jaw and a rearwardly-Haring opening or eye O2, from front to rear, adapted to engage operatively over the tapered portions of both the handle-bar and the outer jaw-shank, and flat sides lying against the flat sides of said parts. It will be further noticed that said inner jaw C has a forwardly-projecting bearingpoint c at its bottom, which extends some distance beyond the working face 7 thereof toward or beneath the base of the opposite jaw, thus lengthening the bearing of jaw O on handle-bar A as compared with its bearing on shank B above and greatly facilitating the release of jaw O after undergoing a severe strain and becoming locked on its supports. The immediate and material advantage of this extension or lip c is to practically relieve the remainder of the bearing-surface along the edge 2 from wedging effect when the wrench is or has been used, because practically the heel c of jaw O on shank B becomes the fulcrum in such case, and the jaw is thus made to bear down at this point and up at point c. This, in effect, also relieves the remainder of the bearing-surfaces of said j aw on edges 2 and 5, respectively, from real locking or wedging effect. It follows, therefore, when release of the parts for other adjustment is desired a man can handle and adjust the wrenchwith one hand. This he does by gripping handle a and engaging the thumb in recess 8 in the side of shank b, pulling back on said shank. Suchpull is comparatively easy, even to start the shank from its apparently wedged engagement, because, in fact, it is less wedged than locked in something of a tilting position, with c and c as the points of contact. The effect of such rearward pull is to first tilt jaw O forward and downward at its engaging face 7, which relieves both lockingpoints c and c. and liberates shank B. Then further manipulation follows with all the parts free to be moved, and the difference in degree of the taper of inclined surfaces or edges 2 and 4, respectively, on handle-bar A and shank B contribute materially to these advantages, especially the larger relative taper of said shank.

D represents a screw-lock which is threaded from the outside in one side of jaw O and has a wide flat inner surface to overlap both the handle-bar and shank B across their meeting edges .and serves to lock said parts temporarily together when the wrench is being used continuously on the same size of nut or pipe. Said screw is provided with a handle d, having a limiting-pin d, which strikes against the edge 9 of the jaw O and prevents tllle screw from being turned or lost out of p ace.

Fig. 5 shows a modification of the wrench,

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in this that both jaws are adapted especially for use as a pipe-wrench. To this end aw B is provided with teeth or serrations b transversely on its active face 6, and aw C has a pipe-engaging member C" set therein. Said member or jaw C has teeth or serrations c2 transversely on its face, which stand out from the face of aw C, and is provided with a conining extension 10 at its rear set into jaw C and adapted to hold said part in right working relations at this point, while a pin 12 transversely through jaw C works in a slot 13 in jaw Cl and serves to confine said jaw in working position. A spring 14 is interposed in the bottom of slot 15 in jaw C beneath the forward part of jaw C to normally hold said jaw CAup, substantially as seen in Fig. 5. When a lipe is engaged, the jaw C works down and) strikes edge of shank B which is its working position; but the instant that pull is released the jaw C is carried up by spring 14, which releases the gri on the pipe and leaves the handle free to be turned without taking the wrench off the pipe to get a fresh grip, and so on. rlhe releasing of the wrench on the pipe is thus made automatic, and the wrench is liberated after every positive movement thereof in the rotation of the pipe. rlhe locking-screw D is used also on this style of wrench, but is sectioned away. It will be noticed that the slot lrfront to rear in jaw C does not extend through to shank B', and the said jaw C has lateral or side extensions 16 engaged against the front of jaw C to sustain the back pressure thereon in service.

As thus shown, the wrench is essentially quick acting, as it has two movable jaws adapted to be moved toward or from each other at the same time and with instantaneous movements, because there are no screws or other slow means of adjustment or limitations to such movements.

A stop 17 on the outer extremity of main bar A prevents the removal of the lockingjaw C from the said bar, and in no case can shank B be withdrawn while said jaw is thus confined.

Obviously when a large nut is to be gripped the parts are extended, possibly to their limit, and when a small nut is to be gripped they are contracted. This makes a wrench of varying lengths, according to size of nuts, and in its extreme extension the inner or locking jaw C will come against stop 17, while jaw B will be projected a considerable distance beyond the end of the main or handle bar.

What I claim is` 1. In wrenches, a wrench having two aws and a handle-bar with a tapered outer end on which both said aws are mounted, the outer jaw having a stem rigid therewith and extending through the inner jaw.

2. In wrenches, a wrench having a handlebar and Itwo jaws slidably mounted thereon,

and one of said jaws provided with a tapered shank engaged in the other jaw and adapted to be moved outward beyond the outer end of said handle-bar.

3. In wrenches, a handle-bar and two jaws slidably mounted thereon, said parts constructed to increase the space between the jaws in increasing ratio in proportion as both jaws are moved outward on said bar and the outer jaw having a tapered stem engaged in the inner jaw.

4. A wrench comprising a main supporting-bar, a jaw with a tapered shank slidably mounted on said bar and another j aw slidably mounted oversaid shank and bar.

5. In wrenches, a main bar, an outer jaw and a shank rigid therewith tapered toward said jaw, and an inner jaw sleeved over said bar and shank and adjustably confmed thereon.

6. In wrenches, a main bar having a tapered working end, a jaw with a tapered shank slidable on said bar, an inner jaw sleeved over said bar and shank, and a lock engaged through said inner jaw against both said bar and shank.

7. In wrenches, a main bar, a jaw-supporting shank slidable on said bar, a locking-j aw slidable upon said shank and bar, and a lock in the side of said jaw engaging both said jaw and shank.

8. A wrench comprising a main bar and a jaw with a shank mounted thereon, said shank constructed at its side and rear to be engaged by a finger for purposes of adjustment, and a lockingejaw sleeved over said parts and constructed to lock thereon.

9. The main bar, the outer jaw vand its shank thereon, and the locking-jaw sleeved over said bar and shank and having its lower portion projecting forward of its grippingface, thereby promoting the easy release of said locking-j aw.

10. In a wrench, a handle-bar having a tapered outer end, a jaw having a shank with a greater degree of taper than said bar, and a locking-j aw sleeved over said parts.

11. A wrench having a tapered handleebar and a jaw-shank of greater taper than said handle-bar and a locking-jaw engaged over said parts and having a forward projection on its bottom extending in front of the face thereof.

12. A monkey-wrench having a handlebar with a tapered end, a movable outer jaw with a tapered stem mounted to slide on said handle-bar and an inner jaw with an eye engaged over said handle-bar and stem and adapted to be tightened on both,

13. A wrench consisting of three several members, comprising a tapered handle-bar, a

j aw having a tapered shank slidably mounted on said handle-bar and an inner jaw slidably mounted on said handle bar and tapered shank.

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p '14. The Wrench consisting of a handle-bar having an outwardly-tapered end, an outer j avv having a shank tapered in the same direotion as said handle-bar, and an inner j aW having an opening through the same {iaring from front to rear to conform to the said tapered members and adapted to slide thereon.

15. A Wrench having a handle-bar With an outer tapered end, an outer jaW having a tapered shank resting on said tapered end and one of said parts having a rib and the other a channel at their meeting edges, and an inner jaW having a flaring i'ront-to-rear opening engaged over said handle-bar and said shank7 said handle-bar having a stop at its outer end to limit the outward movement of the said inner jaw.

16. The handle-bar having a tapered outer end and a jaw siidably engaged over said end, and an outer jaW having a tapered shank slidably engaged Within said inner jaw.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification in the presence of tWo Witnesses.

JOHN R. LONG.

Witnesses:

H. T. FISHER, C. A. SELL. 

